1- The International Commission of Inquiry documents crimes perpetrated by Syrian parties in 2023:
– The regime committed war crimes, crimes against humanity, and torture of detainees
– Kurdish SDF: Death of detainees, deprivation of freedom, kidnapping and recruitment of children
– Hayat Tahrir al-Sham: Mistreatment of prisoners, and arbitrary deprivation of freedom
– The Opposition National Army: Allegations under investigation about the rape of women
2- Hadi Al-Bahra (from Damascus) as president of the Nationa Coalition, and Dima Moussa (Christian), Abdel-Hakim Bashar (Kurdish) and Abdel-Majeed Barakat (Turkmen) as vice-presidents
3- UNICEF: 21 million Syrians (8 million children) in need For help
4- Israeli newspaper: Intense competition between Iran and Israel in Syria
5- Documentation of the regime’s issuance of 8,000 field death sentences since 2011